According to the new investigation, a decrease in glaciers exhibited 2,500 kilometers of the coast and 35 “new” islands in the Arctic from 2000 to 2020.
Scientists have studied satellite images of more than 1700 blocks by default in Gronalendia, Alaska, Canadian Arctic, Russia Ariko, Iceland and Shalbard during this 20 -year period.
The analysis shows that 85% of these glaciers retreatedIdentifying an average of 123 kilometers of a new coastline per year.
This is a “fundamental change in the nature of the landscapes of the Arctic”, according to Dr. Simon Cook, a professor of sciences about the environment at the University of Dundi in Scotland.
Investigation published in the journal Change in the climate of natureIt connects the acceleration of glaciers with a fusion with an increase in the temperature of the ocean and air.
Most of the new coastal lines enter Graneldia
With an increase in global temperature, glaciers suffer faster and faster. The base of the glacier, known as the “term”, begins to melt, reducing the total length of the ice cap.
The glaciers that end in the sea – which flow in the ocean – often show new coastal areas when they melt.
Of the satellite images of 1704 glaciers ending in the sea in the Northern Hemisphere, researchers put cartography 2466 kilometers of the coast, which were naked from 2000 to 2020.
The study shows that the recently revealed coast varies between the regions.
According to the authors, only 101 glaciers were responsible for more than half the total length of the additional coastline.
Two -thirds of the new coastline were located in Grandelia. The retreat of the Zachariae Issstrom glacier in the north -east of the country was formed 81 kilometers from the new coastline – more than any other glacier.
According to researchers, Glaciarees Degelo Dos Glaciarees also revealed 35 new islands with areas with an area of more than 0.5 square kilometers. These islands were completely discovered or lost contact with glaciers with the continent.
According to the study, the temperature of the ocean and air, due to the change in the climate, is the main factor in the rapid loss of the mass of glaciers that end in the sea.
The effect of the coastline increases the risk of landslides and tsunami
Investigators warn that “the retreat of glaciers ending in the sea not only changes the landscape, but also represents indirect risk for local communities and economic activity in the coastal zone.”
Recently discovered coastal lines, known as “parashlyaks”, are more susceptible to landowners, which can cause “dangerous tsunami”.
The study emphasizes the tsunami, which occurred in Grold in June 2017, which caused significant damage to the infrastructure and the loss of human life.
“The paragraph back is different from other established areas of the Arctic coast, because the eternal permafrost has not yet managed to develop in these recently identified areas, which means that they are easier to destroy the actions of the wave, mass waste and other processes from the lack of cold cement,” the teacher of environmental sciences wrote. article To change the climate of nature. “Therefore, they are very dynamic.”
The authors of the new investigation report that this event also presents security risks for tourists who move to coastal glaciers from their beauty and abundant wildlife.
“Campism and tourist events along the back near the main transport routes of the icebergo are threatened with fruitful waves of the icebergo,” they write.
“In addition to the risks of health and safety associated with the extreme influence of waves, the tourism industry can be significantly compromised by the picturesque beauty of the landscape, when the glaciers that end in the sea become elements that end on Earth.”